| 1 | Belt and Pulleys | done | yes | belt (friction; 120-link elastic chain) | ω_bot/ω_top 0.994 (0.6% creep), belt on, μ≈0 control 0.000 | Only the upper pulley is motor-driven (30 rpm). |
| 2 | Pulleys and Crossed Belt | done | yes | crossed round belt (friction; 120-link cord, strands collide at the cross) | ω_bot/ω_top −0.990 (1.0% creep), belt on, belt-belt contact 100% of samples, ≤1.0 mm | Only the upper pulley is motor-driven. Frictionless cord-on-cord contact; flat half-twisted variant still open. |
| 3 | Pulleys with Right Angle Guides | done | yes | round cord (friction; 145-link elastic chain, 20 N) laid on the common tangents in space: driver on a y shaft, two loose guide pulleys side by side (one per leaf), drum on an x shaft at right angles | ω_drum/ω_drive −1.755 (geometry −1.755), front guide +2.135, back guide −2.128 (geometry ±2.114; the guides turn opposite ways); steady over a 20 s soak; cord within 0.6 cm of its centre line, pen ≤1.8 mm; μ≈0 control 0.000 | Only the driving pulley is motor-driven. Leaves reach the driver's single groove at a ~7.5° fleet angle; at ~9° the cord walks over the flange, so the driver stands 40 cm off. |
| 4 | Pulleys with Right Angle Transition | done | yes | crossed round cord (friction; 150-link elastic chain, 20 N) from the driver down to two guide pulleys on studs square to their runs, a full helical turn round an upright drum whose shaft meets the driver's at right angles; crossing leaves rub | ω_drum/ω_top +1.607 (geometry 1.603), guides −1.785/−1.772 (geometry −1.755); steady over an 8 s soak; leaves touch at the cross, ≤0.19 mm; μ≈0 control 0.000 | Only the driving pulley is motor-driven. Drum face is smooth (Brown's spiral groove not cut): the turn settles down it, cord ≤2.2 cm off its nominal helix; leaves press the driver's flange edges (pen ≤3.0 mm). Cord sub-chains carry a whisker of root damping so straight runs cannot spin about their own axis. |
| 5 | Pulleys with Tightening Mechanism | done | yes | belt (friction; 100-link elastic chain, 4 N) + tightening pulley B on a sprung handle, wrapping the back of the slack side | B in → ω_bot/ω_top 1.425 (0.1% creep); B withdrawn at 4 s → 0.001 (top pulley still at speed); B in again at 8 s → 1.410; withdrawn from start → |ω_bot| 0.002 rad/s; μ≈0 control 0.000; pen ≤1.25 mm | Only the top pulley is motor-driven. The operator's hand moves only B's spring (`hand:` schedule), shown in the render. |
| 6 | Pulleys with Vibrating Lever | done | yes | open cord band riveted to the rocking segment at both ends (friction on the pulleys; 110 links, 15 N), crossing leaves rub past each other | lever rocked ±0.45 rad at 0.5 Hz → each pulley follows with slope −2.150 (geometry −2.114; cord sits ~1 mm into the rims), r² 1.000, both in step; leaves touch at the cross 100% of samples, ≤0.38 mm; pen ≤1.0 mm; μ≈0 control → slope −0.003 | Only the lever is driven (the hand: a velocity target rocking it to and fro). |
| 7 | Pulley Transmission | done | yes | belt (friction; 40-link steel band, 40 N) + 3 straight bevels (per-tooth convex hulls) on concentric shafts a/b, loose middle pulley | band on b → ω_up/ω_drum −1.306, band on a → +1.297 (reversed), band on loose pulley → 0.000; μ≈0 control 0.000; teeth out of contact → upright 0.000; belt dev 0.17, pen 0.37 mm | Only the drum is motor-driven. Belt position is a passive variant (all three tested); the render shows it on b's pulley so it runs. |
| 8 | Variable Speed Stepped Pulleys | done | yes | belt (friction; 64-link steel band, 40 N) on 2 four-step cones in opposite order, band position = variant | band on each of the 4 step pairs → ω_driv/ω_driver 2.376 / 1.340 / 0.731 / 0.404 against 2.455 / 1.361 / 0.735 / 0.407 (0.5–3.2% creep), belt dev 0.13, lateral 0.00, pen ≤1.3 mm; μ≈0 control 0.0000 | Only the top cone is motor-driven. The four band positions are passive variants (all four tested); the render shows the second one, as drawn. Steps are drawn 4.4 wide but only the band's 1.2 collides. |
| 9 | Variable Speed Cone Pulleys | todo | | | | |
| 10 | Variable Speed Nonlinear Cone Pulleys | todo | | | | |
| 11 | Right Angle Belt Transition | todo | | | | |
| 12 | Simple pulley used for lifting weights | done | yes | rope (friction on the sheave; 34-link hemp chain, its eyes pinned to the hand and the bag) | bag/hand 1.012 (no advantage in a fixed pulley), sheave turned by the rope at 10.66 of 10.64 rad/s per cm/s, pull 189.9 N against the weight's 191 N, pen ≤ 0.06 mm | Only the hand is driven (a slide joint in a guide along the rope, 6 cm/s). Negative control: the rope's contact with the sheave off → the bag does not rise (0.000). |
| 13 | In this the lower pulley is movable | todo | | | | |
| 14 | Blocks and tackle | todo | | | | |
| 15 | White’s pulleys, which can either be made with separate loose… | todo | | | | |
| 16 | Spanish bartons | todo | | | | shared plate 16–17 |
| 17 | Spanish bartons | todo | | | | shared plate 16–17 |
| 18 | A combination of two fixed pulleys and one movable pulley | todo | | | | |
| 19 | Different arrangements of pulleys | todo | | | | shared plate 19–22 |
| 20 | Different arrangements of pulleys | todo | | | | shared plate 19–22 |
| 21 | Different arrangements of pulleys | todo | | | | shared plate 19–22 |
| 22 | Different arrangements of pulleys | todo | | | | shared plate 19–22 |
| 23 | A contrivance for transmitting rotary motion to a movable pulley | todo | | | | |
| 24 | Spur-gears | todo | | | | |
| 25 | Bevel-gears | todo | | | | |
| 26 | The wheel to the right is termed a “crown-wheel;” that gearing… | todo | | | | |
| 27 | “Multiple gearing”—a recent invention | todo | | | | |
| 28 | These are sometimes called “brush-wheels.” The relative speeds can… | todo | | | | |
| 29 | Transmission of rotary motion from one shaft at right angles to… | todo | | | | |
| 30 | Rectangular gears | todo | | | | |
| 31 | Worm or endless screw and a worm-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 32 | Friction-wheels | todo | | | | |
| 33 | Elliptical spur-gears | todo | | | | |
| 34 | An internally toothed spur-gear and pinion | todo | | | | |
| 35 | Variable rotary motion produced by uniform rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 36 | Mangle-wheel and pinion—so called from their application to… | todo | | | | |
| 37 | Uniform into variable rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 38 | A means of converting rotary motion, by which the speed is made… | todo | | | | |
| 39 | Sun-and-planet motion | todo | | | | |
| 40 | Rotary converted into rotary motion | todo | | | | shared plate 40–41 |
| 41 | Rotary converted into rotary motion | todo | | | | shared plate 40–41 |
| 42 | Different kinds of gears for transmitting rotary motion from one… | todo | | | | shared plate 42–43 |
| 43 | Different kinds of gears for transmitting rotary motion from one… | todo | | | | shared plate 42–43 |
| 44 | A kind of gearing used to transmit great force and give a… | todo | | | | |
| 45 | Frictional grooved gearing—a comparatively recent invention | todo | | | | |
| 46 | Fusee chain and spring-box, being the prime mover in some watches,… | todo | | | | |
| 47 | A frictional clutch-box, thrown in and out of gear by the lever at… | todo | | | | |
| 48 | Clutch-box | todo | | | | |
| 49 | Alternate circular motion of the horizontal shaft produces a… | todo | | | | |
| 50 | Two kinds of universal joints | todo | | | | shared plate 50–51 |
| 51 | Two kinds of universal joints | todo | | | | shared plate 50–51 |
| 52 | Another kind of clutch-box | todo | | | | |
| 53 | The vertical shaft is made to drive the horizontal one in either… | todo | | | | |
| 54 | Mangle or star-wheel, for producing an alternating rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 55 | Different velocity given to two gears, A and C, on the same shaft,… | todo | | | | |
| 56 | Used for throwing in and out of gear the speed-motion on lathes | todo | | | | |
| 57 | The small pulley at the top being the driver, the large,… | todo | | | | |
| 58 | For transmitting three different speeds by gearing | todo | | | | |
| 59 | For transmitting two speeds by gearing | todo | | | | |
| 60 | For transmitting two speeds by means of belts | todo | | | | |
| 61 | For transmitting two speeds, one a differential motion | todo | | | | |
| 62 | For transmitting two speeds, one of which is a different and… | todo | | | | |
| 63 | Jumping or intermittent rotary motion, used for meters and… | todo | | | | |
| 64 | Another arrangement of jumping motion | todo | | | | |
| 65 | The left-hand disk or wheel, C, is the driving-wheel, upon which… | todo | | | | |
| 66 | A modification of 64; a weight, D, attached to an arm secured in… | todo | | | | |
| 67 | Another modification of 64; a weight or tumbler, E, secured on the… | todo | | | | |
| 68 | The single tooth, A, of the driving-wheel, B, acts in the notches… | todo | | | | |
| 69 | B, a small wheel with one tooth, is the driver, and the… | todo | | | | |
| 70 | The driving-wheel, C, has a rim, shown in dotted outline, the… | todo | | | | |
| 71 | The inner circumference (shown by dotted lines) of the rim of the… | todo | | | | |
| 72 | A tilt-hammer motion, the revolution of the cam or wiper-wheel, B,… | todo | | | | |
| 73 | To the driving-wheel, D, is secured a bent spring, B; another… | todo | | | | |
| 74 | A uniform intermittent rotary motion in opposite directions is… | todo | | | | |
| 75 | Reciprocating rectilinear motion of the rod, C, transmits an… | todo | | | | |
| 76 | Another contrivance for registering or counting revolutions | todo | | | | |
| 77 | The vibration of the lever, C, on the center or fulcrum, A,… | todo | | | | |
| 78 | A modification of 77. | todo | | | | |
| 79 | Reciprocating rectilinear motion of the rod, B, produces a nearly… | todo | | | | |
| 80 | Rectilinear motion is imparted to the slotted bar, A, by the… | todo | | | | |
| 81 | Alternate rectilinear motion is given to the rack-rod, B, by the… | todo | | | | |
| 82 | Double Treadle Ratchet | done | yes | ratchet (contact only: two sprung pawls on arms B loose on A's shaft against 30 hooked teeth; links to two treadles pinned to them; strap over C as a tension-only tendon; two feet, each press-only, alternately) | A turns one way at a mean 1.09 rad/s (10.4 rev/min), never below 0.27× the mean, largest run-back 0.000 rad; pawls click over the teeth 5–6 times a second each (83% / 63% on their arm's return stroke, the rest when A runs ahead); back treadle follows the front at slope −1.000 (r² 0.99) through the strap; penetration 0.28 mm | Inputs are the two feet (0.5 N·m half-sine, 60 strokes/min each); load on A 0.06 N·m·s/rad. C is a fixed round: the strap slides over it frictionlessly, so C does not turn. |
| 83 | A nearly continuous rotary motion is given to the wheel, D, by two… | todo | | | | |
| 84 | The double rack-frame, B, is suspended from the rod, A. Continuous… | todo | | | | |
| 85 | Intermittent alternating rectilinear motion is given to the rod,… | todo | | | | |
| 86 | A method of working a reciprocating pump by rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 87 | A contrivance for a self-reversing motion | todo | | | | |
| 88 | Continuous rotary converted into intermittent rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 89 | An eccentric generally used on the crank-shaft for communicating… | todo | | | | |
| 90 | A modification of the above | todo | | | | |
| 91 | Triangular eccentric, giving an intermittent reciprocating… | todo | | | | |
| 92 | Ordinary crank motion | todo | | | | |
| 93 | Crank motion, with the crank-wrist working in a slotted yoke,… | todo | | | | |
| 94 | Variable crank, two circular plates revolving on the same center | todo | | | | |
| 95 | On rotating the upright shaft, reciprocating rectilinear motion is… | todo | | | | |
| 96 | A heart-cam | todo | | | | |
| 97 | This is a heart-cam, similar to 96, except that it is grooved | todo | | | | |
| 98 | Irregular vibrating motion is produced by the rotation of the… | todo | | | | |
| 99 | Spiral guide attached to the face of a disk | todo | | | | |
| 100 | Quick return crank motion, applicable to shaping machines | todo | | | | |
| 101 | Rectilinear motion of horizontal bar, by means of vibrating… | todo | | | | |
| 102 | Common screw bolt and nut | todo | | | | |
| 103 | Rectilinear motion of slide produced by the rotation of screw | todo | | | | |
| 104 | In this, rotary motion is imparted to the wheel by the rotation of… | todo | | | | |
| 105 | Screw stamping-press | todo | | | | |
| 106 | Uniform reciprocating rectilinear motion, produced by rotary… | todo | | | | shared plate 106–107 |
| 107 | Uniform reciprocating rectilinear motion, produced by rotary… | todo | | | | shared plate 106–107 |
| 108 | Uniform reciprocating rectilinear motion from uniform rotary… | todo | | | | |
| 109 | The rotation of the screw at the left-hand side produces a uniform… | todo | | | | |
| 110 | Uniform circular into uniform rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 111 | Micrometer screw | todo | | | | |
| 112 | Persian drill | todo | | | | |
| 113 | Circular into rectilinear motion, or vice versa, by means of rack… | todo | | | | |
| 114 | Uniform circular motion into reciprocating rectilinear motion, by… | todo | | | | |
| 115 | Rotary motion of the toothed wheels produces rectilinear motion of… | todo | | | | |
| 116 | A substitute for the crank | todo | | | | |
| 117 | A cam acting between two friction-rollers in a yoke | todo | | | | |
| 118 | A mode of doubling the length of stroke of a piston-rod, or the… | todo | | | | |
| 119 | Reciprocating rectilinear motion of the bar carrying the oblong… | todo | | | | |
| 120 | Each jaw is attached to one of the two segments, one of which has… | todo | | | | |
| 121 | Alternating rectilinear motion of the rod attached to the… | todo | | | | |
| 122 | The rotation of the two spur-gears, with crank-wrists attached,… | todo | | | | |
| 123 | Intended as a substitute for the crank | todo | | | | |
| 124 | Fiddle drill | todo | | | | |
| 125 | A modification of the motion shown in 122, but of a more complex… | todo | | | | |
| 126 | A bell-crank lever, used for changing the direction of any force | todo | | | | |
| 127 | Motion used in air-pumps | todo | | | | |
| 128 | A continuous rotary motion of the shaft carrying the three wipers… | todo | | | | |
| 129 | Chinese windlass | todo | | | | |
| 130 | Shears for cutting iron plates, etc | todo | | | | |
| 131 | On rotating the disk carrying the crank-pin working in the slotted… | todo | | | | |
| 132 | This is a motion which has been used in presses to produce the… | todo | | | | |
| 133 | A simple press motion is given through the hand-crank on the… | todo | | | | |
| 134 | Uniform circular motion into rectilinear by means of a rope or… | todo | | | | |
| 135 | Modification of the triangular eccentric 91, used on the steam… | todo | | | | |
| 136 | A cam-wheel—of which a side view is shown—has its rim formed into… | todo | | | | |
| 137 | Expansion eccentric used in France to work the slide-valve of a… | todo | | | | |
| 138 | On turning the cam at the bottom a variable alternating… | todo | | | | |
| 139 | The internal rack, carried by the rectangular frame, is free to… | todo | | | | |
| 140 | The toggle-joint arranged for a punching machine | todo | | | | |
| 141 | Endless-band saw | todo | | | | |
| 142 | Movement used for varying the length of the traversing guide-bar… | todo | | | | |
| 143 | Circular motion into alternate rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 144 | A system of crossed levers, termed “Lazy Tongs.” A short… | todo | | | | |
| 145 | Reciprocating curvilinear motion of the beam gives a continuous… | todo | | | | |
| 146 | Continuous rotary motion of the disk produces reciprocating… | todo | | | | |
| 147 | Steam engine governor | todo | | | | |
| 148 | Continuous circular motion of the spur-gears produces alternate… | todo | | | | |
| 149 | Uniform circular converted, by the cams acting upon the levers,… | todo | | | | |
| 150 | A valve motion for working steam expansively | todo | | | | |
| 151 | Continuous circular into continuous but much slower rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 152 | An ellipsograph | todo | | | | |
| 153 | Circular motion into alternating rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 154 | Circular motion into alternating rectilinear motion, by the action… | todo | | | | |
| 155 | Reciprocating rectilinear motion into intermittent circular motion… | todo | | | | |
| 156 | Circular motion into variable alternating rectilinear motion, by… | todo | | | | |
| 157 | A modification of the movement last described | todo | | | | |
| 158 | Reciprocating curvilinear motion of the treadle gives a circular… | todo | | | | |
| 159 | A modification of 158, a cord and pulley being substituted for the… | todo | | | | |
| 160 | Alternating curvilinear motion into alternating circular | todo | | | | |
| 161 | Centrifugal governor for steam engines | todo | | | | |
| 162 | Water-wheel governor acting on the same principle as 161, but by… | todo | | | | |
| 163 | Another arrangement for a water-wheel governor | todo | | | | |
| 164 | A knee-lever, differing slightly from the toggle-joint shown in… | todo | | | | |
| 165 | Circular into rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 166 | The rotation of the disk carrying the crank pin gives a to-and-fro… | todo | | | | |
| 167 | A drum or cylinder having an endless spiral groove extending all… | todo | | | | |
| 168 | The slotted crank at the left hand of the figure is on the main… | todo | | | | |
| 169 | A modification of 168, in which a link is used to connect the… | todo | | | | |
| 170 | Another form of steam engine governor | todo | | | | |
| 171 | Valve motion and reversing gear used in oscillating marine engines | todo | | | | |
| 172 | A mode of obtaining an egg-shaped elliptical movement | todo | | | | |
| 173 | A movement used in silk machinery for the same purpose as that… | todo | | | | |
| 174 | Carpenters’ bench-clamp | todo | | | | |
| 175 | A means of giving one complete revolution to the crank of an… | todo | | | | |
| 176 | Contrivance for uncoupling engines | todo | | | | shared plate 176–177 |
| 177 | Contrivance for uncoupling engines | todo | | | | shared plate 176–177 |
| 178 | Contrivance for varying the speed of the slide carrying the… | todo | | | | |
| 179 | Reversing-gear for a single engine | todo | | | | |
| 180 | This only differs from 174 in being composed of a single pivoted… | todo | | | | |
| 181 | Diagonal catch or hand-gear used in large blowing and pumping engines | todo | | | | shared plate 181–182 |
| 182 | Diagonal catch or hand-gear used in large blowing and pumping engines | todo | | | | shared plate 181–182 |
| 183 | Represent a modification of 181 and 182, the diagonal catches… | todo | | | | shared plate 183–184 |
| 184 | Represent a modification of 181 and 182, the diagonal catches… | todo | | | | shared plate 183–184 |
| 185 | Link-motion valve-gear of a locomotive | todo | | | | |
| 186 | Apparatus for disengaging the eccentric-rod from the valve-gear | todo | | | | |
| 187 | Modifications of 186. | todo | | | | shared plate 187–188 |
| 188 | Modifications of 186. | todo | | | | shared plate 187–188 |
| 189 | Another modification of 186. | todo | | | | |
| 190 | A screw-clamp | todo | | | | |
| 191 | Scroll-gears for obtaining a gradually increasing speed | todo | | | | |
| 192 | A variety of what is known as the “mangle-wheel.” One variety of… | todo | | | | |
| 193 | Another kind of mangle-wheel with its pinion | todo | | | | |
| 194 | Another mangle-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 195 | A mode of driving a pair of feed-rolls, the opposite surfaces of… | todo | | | | |
| 196 | The pinion, B, rotates about a fixed axis and gives an irregular… | todo | | | | |
| 197 | What is called a “mangle-rack.” A continuous rotation of the… | todo | | | | |
| 198 | A modification of 197. In this the pinion revolves, but does not… | todo | | | | |
| 199 | Another form of mangle-rack | todo | | | | |
| 200 | A mode of obtaining two different speeds on the same shaft from… | todo | | | | |
| 201 | A continual rotation of the pinion (obtained through the irregular… | todo | | | | |
| 202 | Worm or endless screw and worm-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 203 | A regular vibrating movement of the curved slotted arm gives a… | todo | | | | |
| 204 | An illustration of the transmission of rotary motion from one… | todo | | | | |
| 205 | A wheel driven by a pinion of two teeth | todo | | | | |
| 206 | A continuous circular movement of the ratchet-wheel, produced by… | todo | | | | |
| 207 | A modification of 195 by means of two worms and worm-wheels | todo | | | | |
| 208 | A pin-wheel and slotted pinion, by which three changes of speed… | todo | | | | |
| 209 | A mode of obtaining motion from rolling contact | todo | | | | |
| 210 | By turning the shaft carrying the curved slotted arm, a… | todo | | | | |
| 211 | A continuous rotary motion of the large wheel gives an… | todo | | | | |
| 212 | What is called the “Geneva-stop,” used in Swiss watches to limit… | todo | | | | |
| 213 | Another kind of stop for the same purpose | todo | | | | |
| 214 | Other modifications of the stop, the operations of which will be… | todo | | | | shared plate 214–215 |
| 215 | Other modifications of the stop, the operations of which will be… | todo | | | | shared plate 214–215 |
| 216 | The external and internal mutilated cog-wheels work alternately… | todo | | | | |
| 217 | These are parts of the same movement, which has been used for… | todo | | | | shared plate 217–218 |
| 218 | These are parts of the same movement, which has been used for… | todo | | | | shared plate 217–218 |
| 219 | Variable circular motion by crown-wheel and pinion | todo | | | | |
| 220 | The two crank-shafts are parallel in direction, but not in line… | todo | | | | |
| 221 | Irregular circular motion imparted to wheel, A. C is an elliptical… | todo | | | | |
| 222 | If for the eccentric wheel described in the last figure an… | todo | | | | |
| 223 | An arrangement for obtaining variable circular motion | todo | | | | |
| 224 | This represents an expanding pulley | todo | | | | |
| 225 | Intermittent circular motion of the ratchet-wheel from vibratory… | todo | | | | |
| 226 | This movement is designed to double the speed by gears of equal… | todo | | | | |
| 227 | A chain and chain pulley | todo | | | | |
| 228 | Another kind of chain and pulley | todo | | | | |
| 229 | Another variety | todo | | | | |
| 230 | Circular motion into ditto | todo | | | | |
| 231 | Drag-link motion | todo | | | | |
| 232 | Intermittent circular motion is imparted to the toothed wheel by… | todo | | | | |
| 233 | Two different kinds of stops for a lantern-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 234 | A verge escapement | todo | | | | |
| 235 | The oscillation of the tappet-arm produces an intermittent rotary… | todo | | | | |
| 236 | A nearly continuous circular motion is imparted to the… | todo | | | | |
| 237 | A reciprocating circular motion of the top arm makes its attached… | todo | | | | |
| 238 | An escapement | todo | | | | |
| 239 | An arrangement of stops for a spur-gear | todo | | | | |
| 240 | Varieties of stops for a ratchet-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 241 | Intermittent circular motion is imparted to the wheel, A, by the… | todo | | | | |
| 242 | A brake used in cranes and hoisting machines | todo | | | | |
| 243 | A mode of transmitting power from a horizontal shaft to two… | todo | | | | |
| 244 | A dynamometer, or instrument used for ascertaining the amount of… | todo | | | | |
| 245 | Bayonet joint | todo | | | | |
| 246 | A pantograph for copying, enlarging, and reducing plans, etc | todo | | | | |
| 247 | A mode of releasing a sounding-weight | todo | | | | |
| 248 | Union coupling | todo | | | | |
| 249 | Ball-and-socket joint, arranged for tubing | todo | | | | |
| 250 | Anti-friction bearing | todo | | | | |
| 251 | Releasing-hook, used in pile-driving machines | todo | | | | |
| 252 | A and B are two rollers which require to be equally moved to and… | todo | | | | |
| 253 | Centrifugal check-hooks, for preventing accidents in case of the… | todo | | | | |
| 254 | A sprocket-wheel to drive or to be driven by a chain | todo | | | | |
| 255 | A flanged pulley to drive or be driven by a flat belt | todo | | | | |
| 256 | A plain pulley for a flat belt | todo | | | | |
| 257 | A concave-grooved pulley for a round band | todo | | | | |
| 258 | A smooth-surface V-grooved pulley for a round band | todo | | | | |
| 259 | A V-grooved pulley having its groove notched to increase the… | todo | | | | |
| 260 | A differential movement | todo | | | | |
| 261 | A combination movement, in which the weight, W, moves vertically… | todo | | | | |
| 262 | The first of these figures is an end view, and the second a side… | todo | | | | |
| 263 | The first of these figures is an end view, and the second a side… | todo | | | | |
| 264 | Two worm-wheels of equal diameter, but one having one tooth more… | todo | | | | |
| 265 | Variable motion | todo | | | | |
| 266 | The shaft has two screws of different pitches cut on it, one… | todo | | | | |
| 267 | Friction pulley | todo | | | | |
| 268 | Circular into reciprocating motion by means of a crank and… | todo | | | | |
| 269 | Continued rectilinear movement of the frame with mutilated racks… | todo | | | | |
| 270 | Anti-friction bearing for a pulley | todo | | | | |
| 271 | On vibrating the lever to which the two pawls are attached, a… | todo | | | | |
| 272 | Rotary motion of the beveled disk cam gives a reciprocating… | todo | | | | |
| 273 | Rectilinear into rectilinear motion | todo | | | | |
| 274 | An engine-governor | todo | | | | |
| 275 | Rotary motion of the worm gives a rectilinear motion to the rack | todo | | | | |
| 276 | Continuous rotary motion of the cam gives a reciprocating… | todo | | | | |
| 277 | Col | todo | | | | |
| 278 | C. R. Otis’s safety-stop for the platform of a hoisting apparatus | todo | | | | |
| 279 | Crank and slotted cross-head, with Clayton’s sliding journal-box… | todo | | | | |
| 280 | A mode of working a windlass | todo | | | | |
| 281 | The revolution of the disk causes the lever at the right to… | todo | | | | |
| 282 | By the revolution of the disk in which is fixed a pin working in a… | todo | | | | |
| 283 | By a vibratory motion of the handle, motion is communicated by the… | todo | | | | |
| 284 | A feeding apparatus for the bed of a sawing machine | todo | | | | |
| 285 | The movable head of a turning lathe | todo | | | | |
| 286 | Toe and lifter for working puppet valves in steam engines | todo | | | | |
| 287 | Pickering’s governor | todo | | | | |
| 288 | The former is what is termed a recoil, and the latter a repose or… | todo | | | | shared plate 288–289 |
| 289 | The former is what is termed a recoil, and the latter a repose or… | todo | | | | shared plate 288–289 |
| 290 | Another kind of pendulum escapement | todo | | | | |
| 291 | Arnold’s chronometer or free escapement, sometimes used in watches | todo | | | | |
| 292 | Stud escapement, used in large clocks | todo | | | | |
| 293 | Duplex escapement, for watches, so called from partaking of the… | todo | | | | |
| 294 | A cylinder escapement | todo | | | | shared plate 294–295 |
| 295 | A cylinder escapement | todo | | | | shared plate 294–295 |
| 296 | Lever escapement | todo | | | | |
| 297 | An escapement with a lantern wheel | todo | | | | |
| 298 | An old-fashioned watch escapement | todo | | | | |
| 299 | An old-fashioned clock escapement | todo | | | | |
| 300 | A clock or watch escapement | todo | | | | shared plate 300–301 |
| 301 | A clock or watch escapement | todo | | | | shared plate 300–301 |
| 302 | Balance-wheel escapement | todo | | | | |
| 303 | Dead-beat Pendulum Escapement | done | yes | escapement (contact only: 30 forward-leaning Graham teeth against convex-hull pallets whose locking faces are arcs about the arbor; constant-torque weight on the wheel; pendulum under gravity) | period 0.891 s vs compound pendulum 0.882 s (+1.0%; simple 2π√(L/g), L = 20 cm: 0.897 s); wheel 0.1048 rad per beat (half a tooth, 0.1047); locked wheel still to ±0.004° as the pallets slide (dead beat), largest run-back 0.08° (drop rebound); amplitude 5.2° sustained over 20 s; weight removed → 5.2° → 0.7° in 6 s | Only the escape wheel is driven (constant torque, as a weight). Starts itself from rest. Lift 2.5°, lock 1.5°, drop 1.5°. |
| 304 | Pin-wheel escapement, somewhat resembling the stud escapement… | todo | | | | |
| 305 | A single-pin pendulum escapement | todo | | | | |
| 306 | Three-legged pendulum escapement | todo | | | | |
| 307 | A modification of the above with long stopping teeth, D and E, A… | todo | | | | |
| 308 | A detached pendulum escapement, leaving the pendulum, P, free or… | todo | | | | |
| 309 | Mudge’s gravity escapement | todo | | | | |
| 310 | Three-legged gravity escapement | todo | | | | |
| 311 | Double three-legged gravity escapement | todo | | | | |
| 312 | Bloxam’s gravity escapement | todo | | | | |
| 313 | Chronometer escapement, the form now commonly constructed | todo | | | | |
| 314 | Lever chronometer escapement | todo | | | | |
| 315 | Conical pendulum, hung by a thin piece of round wire | todo | | | | |
| 316 | Mercurial compensation pendulum | todo | | | | |
| 317 | Compound bar compensation pendulum | todo | | | | |
| 318 | Watch regulator | todo | | | | |
| 319 | Compensation balance | todo | | | | |
| 320 | Endless chain, maintaining power on going-barrel, to keep a clock… | todo | | | | |
| 321 | Harrison’s “going-barrel.” Larger ratchet-wheel, to which the… | todo | | | | |
| 322 | A very convenient construction of parallel ruler for drawing, made… | todo | | | | |
| 323 | Parallel ruler consisting of a simple straight ruler, B, with an… | todo | | | | |
| 324 | Compound parallel ruler, composed of two simple rulers, A, A,… | todo | | | | |
| 325 | Parallel ruler composed of two simple rulers, A, B, connected by… | todo | | | | |
| 326 | A simple means of guiding or obtaining a parallel motion of the… | todo | | | | |
| 327 | Differs from 326 in having rollers substituted for the slides on… | todo | | | | |
| 328 | A parallel motion invented by Dr | todo | | | | |
| 329 | A piston-rod guide | todo | | | | |
| 330 | The piston-rod is prolonged and works in a guide, A, which is in… | todo | | | | |
| 331 | An engine with crank motion like that represented in 93 and 279 of… | todo | | | | |
| 332 | A parallel motion used for the piston-rod of side lever marine engines | todo | | | | |
| 333 | A parallel motion used only in particular cases | todo | | | | |
| 334 | A parallel motion used in some of the old single-acting beam engines | todo | | | | |
| 335 | A parallel motion commonly used for stationary beam engines | todo | | | | |
| 336 | An arrangement of parallel motion for side lever marine engines | todo | | | | |
| 337 | Parallel motion in which the radius rod is connected with the… | todo | | | | |
| 338 | Another modification, in which the radius bar is placed above the beam | todo | | | | |
| 339 | Parallel motion for direct action engines | todo | | | | |
| 340 | Another parallel motion | todo | | | | |
| 341 | “Grasshopper” beam engine | todo | | | | |
| 342 | Old-fashioned single-acting beam pumping engine on the atmospheric… | todo | | | | |
| 343 | Parallel motion for upright engine | todo | | | | |
| 344 | Oscillating engine | todo | | | | |
| 345 | Inverted oscillating or pendulum engine | todo | | | | |
| 346 | Table engine | todo | | | | |
| 347 | Section of disk engine | todo | | | | |
| 348 | Mode of obtaining two reciprocating movements of a rod by one… | todo | | | | |
| 349 | Another form of parallel ruler | todo | | | | |
| 350 | Traverse or to-and-fro motion | todo | | | | |
| 351 | Stamp | todo | | | | |
| 352 | Another arrangement of the Chinese windlass illustrated by 129 of… | todo | | | | |
| 353 | A modification of the tilt or trip hammer, illustrated by 72. In… | todo | | | | |
| 354 | A modification of the crank and slotted cross-head, 93. The… | todo | | | | |
| 355 | The gyroscope or rotascope, an instrument illustrating the… | todo | | | | |
| 356 | Bohnenberger’s machine illustrating the same tendency of rotating… | todo | | | | |
| 357 | What is called the gyroscope governor, for steam engines, etc.,… | todo | | | | |
| 358 | Traverse of carriage, made variable by fusee according to the… | todo | | | | |
| 359 | Primitive drilling apparatus | todo | | | | |
| 360 | Continuous rotary motion from oscillating | todo | | | | |
| 361 | Another simple form of clutch for pulleys, consisting of a pin on… | todo | | | | |
| 362 | Alternating traverse of upper shaft and its drum, produced by pin… | todo | | | | |
| 363 | See-saw, one of the simplest illustrations of a limited… | todo | | | | |
| 364 | Intermittent rotary motion from continuous rotary motion about an… | todo | | | | |
| 365 | Cylindrical rod arranged between two rollers, the axes of which… | todo | | | | |
| 366 | Drilling machine | todo | | | | |
| 367 | A parallel ruler with which lines may be drawn at required… | todo | | | | |
| 368 | Describing spiral line on a cylinder | todo | | | | |
| 369 | Cycloidal surfaces, causing pendulum to move in cycloidal curve,… | todo | | | | |
| 370 | Motion for polishing mirrors, the rubbing of which should be… | todo | | | | |
| 371 | Modification of mangle-wheel motion | todo | | | | |
| 372 | White’s dynamometer, for determining the amount of power required… | todo | | | | |
| 373 | Robert’s contrivance for proving that friction of a wheel carriage… | todo | | | | |
| 374 | Rotary motion of shaft from treadle by means of an endless band… | todo | | | | |
| 375 | Pair of edge runners or chasers for crushing or grinding | todo | | | | |
| 376 | Tread-wheel horse-power turned by the weight of an animal… | todo | | | | |
| 377 | The tread-mill employed in jails in some countries for exercising… | todo | | | | |
| 378 | Saw for cutting trees by motion of pendulum, is represented as… | todo | | | | |
| 379 | Portable cramp drills | todo | | | | shared plate 379–380 |
| 380 | Portable cramp drills | todo | | | | shared plate 379–380 |
| 381 | Bowery’s joiner’s clamp, plan and transverse section | todo | | | | |
| 382 | Adjustable stand for mirrors, etc., by which a glass or other… | todo | | | | |
| 383 | The principal elements of machinery for dressing cloth and warps,… | todo | | | | |
| 384 | Helicograph, or instrument for describing helices | todo | | | | |
| 385 | Contrivance employed in Russia for shutting doors | todo | | | | |
| 386 | Folding library ladder | todo | | | | |
| 387 | Self-adjusting step-ladder for wharfs at which there are rise and… | todo | | | | |
| 388 | Feed-motion of Woodworth’s planing machine, a smooth supporting… | todo | | | | |
| 389 | Lifting-jack operated by an eccentric, pawl, and ratchet | todo | | | | |
| 390 | Device for converting oscillating into rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 391 | Reciprocating into rotary motion | todo | | | | |
| 392 | Gig-saw, the lower end connected with a crank which works it, and… | todo | | | | |
| 393 | Contrivance for polishing lenses and bodies of spherical form | todo | | | | |
| 394 | C. Parsons’s patent device for converting reciprocating motion… | todo | | | | |
| 395 | Four-way cock, used many years ago on steam engines to admit and… | todo | | | | |
| 396 | G. P. Reed’s patent anchor and lever escapement for watches | todo | | | | |
| 397 | Continuous circular into intermittent rectilinear reciprocating | todo | | | | |
| 398 | Continuous circular motion into intermittent circular—the cam, C,… | todo | | | | |
| 399 | A method of repairing chains, or tightening chains used as guys or… | todo | | | | |
| 400 | Four-motion feed (A. B. Wilson’s patent), used on Wheeler &… | todo | | | | |
| 401 | E. P. Brownell’s patent crank-motion to obviate dead-centers | todo | | | | |
| 402 | G. O. Guernsey’s patent escapement for watches | todo | | | | |
| 403 | Cyclograph for describing circular arcs in drawings where the… | todo | | | | |
| 404 | Another cyclograph | todo | | | | |
| 405 | Mechanical means of describing hyperbolas, their foci and vertices… | todo | | | | |
| 406 | Mechanical means of describing parabolas, the base, altitude,… | todo | | | | |
| 407 | Instrument for describing pointed arches | todo | | | | |
| 408 | Centrolinead for drawing lines toward an inaccessible or… | todo | | | | |
| 409 | Proportional compasses used in copying drawings on a given larger… | todo | | | | |
| 410 | Bisecting gauge | todo | | | | |
| 411 | Self-recording level for surveyors | todo | | | | |
| 412 | Wheel-work in the base of capstan | todo | | | | |
| 413 | J. W. Howlett’s patent adjustable frictional gearing | todo | | | | |
| 414 | Scroll gear and sliding pinion, to produce an increasing velocity… | todo | | | | |
| 415 | P. Dickson’s patent device for converting an oscillating motion… | todo | | | | |
| 416 | A device for assisting the crank of a treadle motion over the… | todo | | | | |
| 417 | Continuous circular motion into a rectilinear reciprocating | todo | | | | |
| 418 | Buchanan & Righter’s patent slide-valve motion | todo | | | | |
| 419 | Continuous circular motion converted into a rocking motion | todo | | | | |
| 420 | Arrangement of hammer for striking bells | todo | | | | |
| 421 | Trunk engine used for marine purposes | todo | | | | |
| 422 | Oscillating piston engine | todo | | | | |
| 423 | Root’s patent double-quadrant engine | todo | | | | |
| 424 | Root’s double-reciprocating or square piston engine | todo | | | | |
| 425 | One of the many forms of rotary engine | todo | | | | |
| 426 | Another form of rotary engine, in which there are two stationary… | todo | | | | |
| 427 | Another rotary engine, in which the shaft, B, works in fixed… | todo | | | | |
| 428 | The india-rubber rotary engine in which the cylinder has a… | todo | | | | |
| 429 | Holly’s patent double-elliptical rotary engine | todo | | | | |
| 430 | Overshot water-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 431 | Undershot water-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 432 | Breast-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 433 | Horizontal overshot water-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 434 | A plan view of the Fourneyron turbine water-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 435 | Warren’s central discharge turbine, plan view | todo | | | | |
| 436 | Jonval turbine | todo | | | | |
| 437 | Volute wheel, having radial vanes, a, against which the water… | todo | | | | |
| 438 | Barker’s or reaction mill | todo | | | | |
| 439 | A method of obtaining a reciprocating motion from a continuous… | todo | | | | |
| 440 | A trough divided transversely into equal parts and supported on an… | todo | | | | |
| 441 | Persian wheel, used in Eastern countries for irrigation | todo | | | | |
| 442 | Machine of ancient origin, still employed on the river Eisach, in… | todo | | | | |
| 443 | Application of Archimedes’s screw to raising water, the supply… | todo | | | | |
| 444 | Montgolfier’s hydraulic ram | todo | | | | |
| 445 | D’Ectol’s oscillating column, for elevating a portion of a given… | todo | | | | shared plate 445–446 |
| 446 | D’Ectol’s oscillating column, for elevating a portion of a given… | todo | | | | shared plate 445–446 |
| 447 | This method of passing a boat from one shore of a river to the… | todo | | | | |
| 448 | Common lift pump | todo | | | | |
| 449 | Modern lifting pump | todo | | | | |
| 450 | Ordinary force pump, with two valves | todo | | | | |
| 451 | Force pump, same as above, with addition of air-chamber to the… | todo | | | | |
| 452 | Double-acting pump | todo | | | | |
| 453 | Double lantern-bellows pump | todo | | | | |
| 454 | Diaphragm forcing pump | todo | | | | |
| 455 | Old rotary pump | todo | | | | |
| 456 | Cary’s rotary pump | todo | | | | |
| 457 | Common mode of raising water from wells of inconsiderable depth | todo | | | | |
| 458 | The common pulley and buckets for raising water | todo | | | | |
| 459 | Reciprocating lift for wells | todo | | | | |
| 460 | Fairbairn’s bailing-scoop, for elevating water short distances | todo | | | | |
| 461 | Pendulums or swinging gutters for raising water by their pendulous… | todo | | | | |
| 462 | Chain pump | todo | | | | |
| 463 | Self-acting weir and scouring sluice | todo | | | | |
| 464 | Hero’s fountain | todo | | | | |
| 465 | Balance pumps | todo | | | | |
| 466 | Hydrostatic press | todo | | | | |
| 467 | Robertson’s hydrostatic jack | todo | | | | |
| 468 | Flexible water main, plan and section | todo | | | | |
| 469 | French invention for obtaining rotary motion from different… | todo | | | | |
| 470 | Steam hammer | todo | | | | |
| 471 | Hotchkiss’s atmospheric hammer | todo | | | | |
| 472 | Grimshaw’s compressed air hammer | todo | | | | |
| 473 | Air-pump of simple construction | todo | | | | |
| 474 | Æolipile or Hero’s steam toy, described by Hero, of Alexandria,… | todo | | | | |
| 475 | Bilge ejector (Brear’s patent) for discharging bilge-water from… | todo | | | | |
| 476 | Another apparatus operating on the same principle as the foregoing | todo | | | | |
| 477 | Steam trap for shutting in steam, but providing for the escape of… | todo | | | | |
| 478 | Another steam trap (Ray’s patent) | todo | | | | |
| 479 | Gasometer | todo | | | | |
| 480 | Another kind of gasometer | todo | | | | |
| 481 | Wet gas meter | todo | | | | |
| 482 | Gas regulator (Powers’s patent) for equalizing the supply of gas… | todo | | | | |
| 483 | Dry gas meter | todo | | | | |
| 484 | A spiral wound round a cylinder to convert the motion of the wind… | todo | | | | |
| 485 | Common wind-mill, illustrating the production of circular motion… | todo | | | | |
| 486 | Plan of a vertical wind-mill | todo | | | | |
| 487 | Common paddle-wheel for propelling vessels | todo | | | | |
| 488 | Screw propeller | todo | | | | |
| 489 | Vertical bucket paddle-wheel | todo | | | | |
| 490 | Ordinary steering apparatus | todo | | | | |
| 491 | Capstan | todo | | | | |
| 492 | Boat-detaching hook (Brown & Level’s) | todo | | | | |
| 493 | “Lewis,” for lifting stone in building | todo | | | | |
| 494 | Tongs for lifting stones, etc | todo | | | | |
| 495 | Entwistle’s patent gearing | todo | | | | |
| 496 | Drawing and twisting in spinning cotton, wool, etc | todo | | | | |
| 497 | Fan-blower | todo | | | | |
| 498 | Siphon pressure gauge | todo | | | | |
| 499 | Aneroid gauge, known as the “Bourdon gauge,” from the name of its… | todo | | | | |
| 500 | Pressure gauge now most commonly used | todo | | | | |
| 501 | Mercurial barometer | todo | | | | |
| 502 | An “epicyclic train.” Any train of gearing the axes of the wheels… | todo | | | | |
| 503 | A very simple form of the epicyclic train, in which F, G, is the… | todo | | | | |
| 504 | “Ferguson’s mechanical paradox,” designed to show a curious… | todo | | | | |
| 505 | Another simple form of the epicyclic train, in which the arm, D,… | todo | | | | |
| 506 | Another epicyclic train in which neither the first nor last wheel… | todo | | | | |
| 507 | Another form of epicyclic train designed for producing a very slow… | todo | | | | |