# No. 444 (Brown 1868): "Montgolfier's hydraulic ram. Small fall of water made to throw a jet to a great height or furnish a supply
# at high level. The right-hand valve being kept open by a weight or spring, the current flowing through the pipe in the direction of
# the arrow escapes thereby till its pressure, overcoming the resistance of weight or spring, closes it. On the closing of this valve
# the momentum of the current overcomes the pressure on the other valve, opens it, and throws a quantity of water into the globular
# air-chamber by the expansive force of the air in which the upward stream from the nozzle is maintained. On equilibrium taking place,
# the right-hand valve opens and left-hand one shuts. ..."
# Model (cm, gravity on, Brown's view from in front, cut away in half section). Water is poured into the head cistern (the only
# input); a pipe 63 cm long (2.4 cm bore) falls from it and runs along the floor of the basin into the valve box. The water
# is lumped vessels (src/fluid/vessels.c) and the drive pipe's water has inertia (vessels `length`): its flow is a state, so it runs on
# when the waste valve shuts and slams into the box (water hammer). The waste valve (right) is a disc under its seat on a stem with a
# ball, held open by its weight and pushed shut by the box's pressure over the basin's; the delivery valve (left) is a disc on the seat
# under the globe's neck, lifted by the box's pressure over the globe's. The globe holds water under air (a closed chamber); the jet pipe
# dips into its water and throws it up from its mouth. The fall from the cistern's surface to the basin's is about 42 cm; the
# globe's air holds the water at a head of more than twice that. Generator: opencode-runs/water/gen444.py.
number: 444
slug: montgolfiers-hydraulic-ram
name: Montgolfier's hydraulic ram
brown: "Montgolfier's hydraulic ram. Small fall of water made to throw a jet to a great height or furnish a supply at high level. The right-hand valve being kept open by a weight or spring, the current flowing through the pipe in the direction of the arrow escapes thereby till its pressure, overcoming the resistance of weight or spring, closes it. On the closing of this valve the momentum of the current overcomes the pressure on the other valve, opens it, and throws a quantity of water into the globular air-chamber by the expansive force of the air in which the upward stream from the nozzle is maintained. On equilibrium taking place, the right-hand valve opens and left-hand one shuts. Thus, by the alternate action of the valves, a quantity of water is raised into the air-chamber at every stroke, and the elasticity of the air gives uniformity to the efflux."
units: cm
sim:
  timestep: 0.00025
  integrator: implicitfast
  iterations: 40
  duration_s: 14
  floor: false
bodies:
  - id: wvalve
    shape: part
    pos: [9.5, 0, -1.7]
    mass: 0.1
    color: "#e0a030"
    pieces:
      - {kind: loft, a: [[11.6, 0, -1.7], [11.4401, 0.8036, -1.7], [10.9849, 1.4849, -1.7], [10.3036, 1.9401, -1.7], [9.5, 2.1, -1.7], [8.6964, 1.9401, -1.7], [8.0151, 1.4849, -1.7], [7.5599, 0.8036, -1.7], [7.4, 0, -1.7], [7.5599, -0.8036, -1.7], [8.0151, -1.4849, -1.7], [8.6964, -1.9401, -1.7], [9.5, -2.1, -1.7], [10.3036, -1.9401, -1.7], [10.9849, -1.4849, -1.7], [11.4401, -0.8036, -1.7]], b: [[11.6, 0, -2.1], [11.4401, 0.8036, -2.1], [10.9849, 1.4849, -2.1], [10.3036, 1.9401, -2.1], [9.5, 2.1, -2.1], [8.6964, 1.9401, -2.1], [8.0151, 1.4849, -2.1], [7.5599, 0.8036, -2.1], [7.4, 0, -2.1], [7.5599, -0.8036, -2.1], [8.0151, -1.4849, -2.1], [8.6964, -1.9401, -2.1], [9.5, -2.1, -2.1], [10.3036, -1.9401, -2.1], [10.9849, -1.4849, -2.1], [11.4401, -0.8036, -2.1]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: rod, from: [9.5, 0, -1.7], to: [9.5, 0, 12], radius: 0.3, collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[10.2, 0, 11.9876], [10.1062, 0.35, 11.9876], [9.85, 0.6062, 11.9876], [9.5, 0.7, 11.9876], [9.15, 0.6062, 11.9876], [8.8938, 0.35, 11.9876], [8.8, 0, 11.9876], [8.8938, -0.35, 11.9876], [9.15, -0.6062, 11.9876], [9.5, -0.7, 11.9876], [9.85, -0.6062, 11.9876], [10.1062, -0.35, 11.9876]], b: [[9.55, 0, 11.8], [9.5433, 0.025, 11.8], [9.525, 0.0433, 11.8], [9.5, 0.05, 11.8], [9.475, 0.0433, 11.8], [9.4567, 0.025, 11.8], [9.45, 0, 11.8], [9.4567, -0.025, 11.8], [9.475, -0.0433, 11.8], [9.5, -0.05, 11.8], [9.525, -0.0433, 11.8], [9.5433, -0.025, 11.8]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[10.7124, 0, 12.5], [10.55, 0.6062, 12.5], [10.1062, 1.05, 12.5], [9.5, 1.2124, 12.5], [8.8938, 1.05, 12.5], [8.45, 0.6062, 12.5], [8.2876, 0, 12.5], [8.45, -0.6062, 12.5], [8.8938, -1.05, 12.5], [9.5, -1.2124, 12.5], [10.1062, -1.05, 12.5], [10.55, -0.6062, 12.5]], b: [[10.2, 0, 11.9876], [10.1062, 0.35, 11.9876], [9.85, 0.6062, 11.9876], [9.5, 0.7, 11.9876], [9.15, 0.6062, 11.9876], [8.8938, 0.35, 11.9876], [8.8, 0, 11.9876], [8.8938, -0.35, 11.9876], [9.15, -0.6062, 11.9876], [9.5, -0.7, 11.9876], [9.85, -0.6062, 11.9876], [10.1062, -0.35, 11.9876]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[10.9, 0, 13.2], [10.7124, 0.7, 13.2], [10.2, 1.2124, 13.2], [9.5, 1.4, 13.2], [8.8, 1.2124, 13.2], [8.2876, 0.7, 13.2], [8.1, 0, 13.2], [8.2876, -0.7, 13.2], [8.8, -1.2124, 13.2], [9.5, -1.4, 13.2], [10.2, -1.2124, 13.2], [10.7124, -0.7, 13.2]], b: [[10.7124, 0, 12.5], [10.55, 0.6062, 12.5], [10.1062, 1.05, 12.5], [9.5, 1.2124, 12.5], [8.8938, 1.05, 12.5], [8.45, 0.6062, 12.5], [8.2876, 0, 12.5], [8.45, -0.6062, 12.5], [8.8938, -1.05, 12.5], [9.5, -1.2124, 12.5], [10.1062, -1.05, 12.5], [10.55, -0.6062, 12.5]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[10.7124, 0, 13.9], [10.55, 0.6062, 13.9], [10.1062, 1.05, 13.9], [9.5, 1.2124, 13.9], [8.8938, 1.05, 13.9], [8.45, 0.6062, 13.9], [8.2876, 0, 13.9], [8.45, -0.6062, 13.9], [8.8938, -1.05, 13.9], [9.5, -1.2124, 13.9], [10.1062, -1.05, 13.9], [10.55, -0.6062, 13.9]], b: [[10.9, 0, 13.2], [10.7124, 0.7, 13.2], [10.2, 1.2124, 13.2], [9.5, 1.4, 13.2], [8.8, 1.2124, 13.2], [8.2876, 0.7, 13.2], [8.1, 0, 13.2], [8.2876, -0.7, 13.2], [8.8, -1.2124, 13.2], [9.5, -1.4, 13.2], [10.2, -1.2124, 13.2], [10.7124, -0.7, 13.2]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[10.2, 0, 14.4124], [10.1062, 0.35, 14.4124], [9.85, 0.6062, 14.4124], [9.5, 0.7, 14.4124], [9.15, 0.6062, 14.4124], [8.8938, 0.35, 14.4124], [8.8, 0, 14.4124], [8.8938, -0.35, 14.4124], [9.15, -0.6062, 14.4124], [9.5, -0.7, 14.4124], [9.85, -0.6062, 14.4124], [10.1062, -0.35, 14.4124]], b: [[10.7124, 0, 13.9], [10.55, 0.6062, 13.9], [10.1062, 1.05, 13.9], [9.5, 1.2124, 13.9], [8.8938, 1.05, 13.9], [8.45, 0.6062, 13.9], [8.2876, 0, 13.9], [8.45, -0.6062, 13.9], [8.8938, -1.05, 13.9], [9.5, -1.2124, 13.9], [10.1062, -1.05, 13.9], [10.55, -0.6062, 13.9]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, 0, 14.6], [9.5, -0, 14.6], [9.5, -0, 14.6], [9.5, -0, 14.6], [9.5, -0, 14.6], [9.5, -0, 14.6]], b: [[10.2, 0, 14.4124], [10.1062, 0.35, 14.4124], [9.85, 0.6062, 14.4124], [9.5, 0.7, 14.4124], [9.15, 0.6062, 14.4124], [8.8938, 0.35, 14.4124], [8.8, 0, 14.4124], [8.8938, -0.35, 14.4124], [9.15, -0.6062, 14.4124], [9.5, -0.7, 14.4124], [9.85, -0.6062, 14.4124], [10.1062, -0.35, 14.4124]], collide: 0}
  - id: dvalve
    shape: part
    pos: [0, 0, 2]
    mass: 0.01
    color: "#e0a030"
    pieces:
      - {kind: loft, a: [[2, 0, 2.35], [1.8478, 0.7654, 2.35], [1.4142, 1.4142, 2.35], [0.7654, 1.8478, 2.35], [0, 2, 2.35], [-0.7654, 1.8478, 2.35], [-1.4142, 1.4142, 2.35], [-1.8478, 0.7654, 2.35], [-2, 0, 2.35], [-1.8478, -0.7654, 2.35], [-1.4142, -1.4142, 2.35], [-0.7654, -1.8478, 2.35], [-0, -2, 2.35], [0.7654, -1.8478, 2.35], [1.4142, -1.4142, 2.35], [1.8478, -0.7654, 2.35]], b: [[2, 0, 2], [1.8478, 0.7654, 2], [1.4142, 1.4142, 2], [0.7654, 1.8478, 2], [0, 2, 2], [-0.7654, 1.8478, 2], [-1.4142, 1.4142, 2], [-1.8478, 0.7654, 2], [-2, 0, 2], [-1.8478, -0.7654, 2], [-1.4142, -1.4142, 2], [-0.7654, -1.8478, 2], [-0, -2, 2], [0.7654, -1.8478, 2], [1.4142, -1.4142, 2], [1.8478, -0.7654, 2]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: rod, from: [0, 0, 2.35], to: [0, 0, 4.2], radius: 0.2, collide: 0}
  - id: frame
    shape: part
    pos: [0, 0, 0]
    fixed: true
    color: "#d6cdb8"
    pieces:
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-38.8, 0, 34], [-21.2, 0, 34], [-21.2, 8.1, 34], [-38.8, 8.1, 34]], b: [[-38.8, 0, 33.2], [-21.2, 0, 33.2], [-21.2, 8.1, 33.2], [-38.8, 8.1, 33.2]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-38.8, 7.5, 50], [-21.2, 7.5, 50], [-21.2, 8.1, 50], [-38.8, 8.1, 50]], b: [[-38.8, 7.5, 34], [-21.2, 7.5, 34], [-21.2, 8.1, 34], [-38.8, 8.1, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-38.8, 0, 50], [-38, 0, 50], [-38, 7.5, 50], [-38.8, 7.5, 50]], b: [[-38.8, 0, 34], [-38, 0, 34], [-38, 7.5, 34], [-38.8, 7.5, 34]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-22, 0, 50], [-21.2, 0, 50], [-21.2, 7.5, 50], [-22, 7.5, 50]], b: [[-22, 0, 34], [-21.2, 0, 34], [-21.2, 7.5, 34], [-22, 7.5, 34]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-50, 0, 56.5], [-37, 0, 54.5], [-37, 3, 54.5], [-50, 3, 56.5]], b: [[-50, 0, 55.7], [-37, 0, 53.7], [-37, 3, 53.7], [-50, 3, 55.7]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-50, 3, 58], [-37, 3, 56], [-37, 3.4, 56], [-50, 3.4, 58]], b: [[-50, 3, 55.7], [-37, 3, 53.7], [-37, 3.4, 53.7], [-50, 3.4, 55.7]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-28.8, 0, -1.8], [-28.9608, 0.6, -1.8], [-28.6577, 0.775, -1.8], [-28.45, 0, -1.8]], b: [[-28.8, 0, 34], [-28.9608, 0.6, 34], [-28.6577, 0.775, 34], [-28.45, 0, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-28.9608, 0.6, -1.8], [-29.4, 1.0392, -1.8], [-29.225, 1.3423, -1.8], [-28.6577, 0.775, -1.8]], b: [[-28.9608, 0.6, 34], [-29.4, 1.0392, 34], [-29.225, 1.3423, 34], [-28.6577, 0.775, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-29.4, 1.0392, -1.8], [-30, 1.2, -1.8], [-30, 1.55, -1.8], [-29.225, 1.3423, -1.8]], b: [[-29.4, 1.0392, 34], [-30, 1.2, 34], [-30, 1.55, 34], [-29.225, 1.3423, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-30, 1.2, -1.8], [-30.6, 1.0392, -1.8], [-30.775, 1.3423, -1.8], [-30, 1.55, -1.8]], b: [[-30, 1.2, 34], [-30.6, 1.0392, 34], [-30.775, 1.3423, 34], [-30, 1.55, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-30.6, 1.0392, -1.8], [-31.0392, 0.6, -1.8], [-31.3423, 0.775, -1.8], [-30.775, 1.3423, -1.8]], b: [[-30.6, 1.0392, 34], [-31.0392, 0.6, 34], [-31.3423, 0.775, 34], [-30.775, 1.3423, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-31.0392, 0.6, -1.8], [-31.2, 0, -1.8], [-31.55, 0, -1.8], [-31.3423, 0.775, -1.8]], b: [[-31.0392, 0.6, 34], [-31.2, 0, 34], [-31.55, 0, 34], [-31.3423, 0.775, 34]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 0, -1.6], [-4, 0.6, -1.7608], [-4, 0.775, -1.4577], [-4, 0, -1.25]], b: [[-29, 0, -1.6], [-29, 0.6, -1.7608], [-29, 0.775, -1.4577], [-29, 0, -1.25]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 0.6, -1.7608], [-4, 1.0392, -2.2], [-4, 1.3423, -2.025], [-4, 0.775, -1.4577]], b: [[-29, 0.6, -1.7608], [-29, 1.0392, -2.2], [-29, 1.3423, -2.025], [-29, 0.775, -1.4577]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 1.0392, -2.2], [-4, 1.2, -2.8], [-4, 1.55, -2.8], [-4, 1.3423, -2.025]], b: [[-29, 1.0392, -2.2], [-29, 1.2, -2.8], [-29, 1.55, -2.8], [-29, 1.3423, -2.025]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 1.2, -2.8], [-4, 1.0392, -3.4], [-4, 1.3423, -3.575], [-4, 1.55, -2.8]], b: [[-29, 1.2, -2.8], [-29, 1.0392, -3.4], [-29, 1.3423, -3.575], [-29, 1.55, -2.8]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 1.0392, -3.4], [-4, 0.6, -3.8392], [-4, 0.775, -4.1423], [-4, 1.3423, -3.575]], b: [[-29, 1.0392, -3.4], [-29, 0.6, -3.8392], [-29, 0.775, -4.1423], [-29, 1.3423, -3.575]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4, 0.6, -3.8392], [-4, 0, -4], [-4, 0, -4.35], [-4, 0.775, -4.1423]], b: [[-29, 0.6, -3.8392], [-29, 0, -4], [-29, 0, -4.35], [-29, 0.775, -4.1423]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-28.1515, 0, -1.9515], [-28.4, 0.8485, -2.2], [-28.225, 1.096, -2.025], [-27.904, 0, -1.704]], b: [[-29.1515, 0, -0.9515], [-29.4, 0.8485, -1.2], [-29.225, 1.096, -1.025], [-28.904, 0, -0.704]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-28.4, 0.8485, -2.2], [-29, 1.2, -2.8], [-29, 1.55, -2.8], [-28.225, 1.096, -2.025]], b: [[-29.4, 0.8485, -1.2], [-30, 1.2, -1.8], [-30, 1.55, -1.8], [-29.225, 1.096, -1.025]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-29, 1.2, -2.8], [-29.6, 0.8485, -3.4], [-29.775, 1.096, -3.575], [-29, 1.55, -2.8]], b: [[-30, 1.2, -1.8], [-30.6, 0.8485, -2.4], [-30.775, 1.096, -2.575], [-30, 1.55, -1.8]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-29.6, 0.8485, -3.4], [-29.8485, 0, -3.6485], [-30.096, 0, -3.896], [-29.775, 1.096, -3.575]], b: [[-30.6, 0.8485, -2.4], [-30.8485, 0, -2.6485], [-31.096, 0, -2.896], [-30.775, 1.096, -2.575]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-31.55, 0, -4], [-28.45, 0, -4], [-28.45, 1.55, -4], [-31.55, 1.55, -4]], b: [[-31.55, 0, -4.35], [-28.45, 0, -4.35], [-28.45, 1.55, -4.35], [-31.55, 1.55, -4.35]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.8, 0, -6], [14.8, 0, -6], [14.8, 3.6, -6], [-4.8, 3.6, -6]], b: [[-4.8, 0, -6.8], [14.8, 0, -6.8], [14.8, 3.6, -6.8], [-4.8, 3.6, -6.8]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.8, 3, 2], [14.8, 3, 2], [14.8, 3.6, 2], [-4.8, 3.6, 2]], b: [[-4.8, 3, -6], [14.8, 3, -6], [14.8, 3.6, -6], [-4.8, 3.6, -6]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.8, 0, -4], [-4, 0, -4], [-4, 3, -4], [-4.8, 3, -4]], b: [[-4.8, 0, -6], [-4, 0, -6], [-4, 3, -6], [-4.8, 3, -6]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.8, 0, 2], [-4, 0, 2], [-4, 3, 2], [-4.8, 3, 2]], b: [[-4.8, 0, -1.6], [-4, 0, -1.6], [-4, 3, -1.6], [-4.8, 3, -1.6]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[14, 0, 2], [14.8, 0, 2], [14.8, 3, 2], [14, 3, 2]], b: [[14, 0, -6], [14.8, 0, -6], [14.8, 3, -6], [14, 3, -6]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.8, 0, 2.8], [-1.6, 0, 2.8], [-1.6, 3, 2.8], [-4.8, 3, 2.8]], b: [[-4.8, 0, 2], [-1.6, 0, 2], [-1.6, 3, 2], [-4.8, 3, 2]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[1.6, 0, 2.8], [7.9, 0, 2.8], [7.9, 3, 2.8], [1.6, 3, 2.8]], b: [[1.6, 0, 2], [7.9, 0, 2], [7.9, 3, 2], [1.6, 3, 2]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[11.1, 0, 2.8], [14.8, 0, 2.8], [14.8, 3, 2.8], [11.1, 3, 2.8]], b: [[11.1, 0, 2], [14.8, 0, 2], [14.8, 3, 2], [11.1, 3, 2]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[6.5, 0, 8.5], [7.1, 0, 8.5], [7.1, 1.6, 8.5], [6.5, 1.6, 8.5]], b: [[6.5, 0, 2.8], [7.1, 0, 2.8], [7.1, 1.6, 2.8], [6.5, 1.6, 2.8]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[11.9, 0, 8.5], [12.5, 0, 8.5], [12.5, 1.6, 8.5], [11.9, 1.6, 8.5]], b: [[11.9, 0, 2.8], [12.5, 0, 2.8], [12.5, 1.6, 2.8], [11.9, 1.6, 2.8]], collide: 0, color: "#b9ae98"}
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      - {kind: loft, a: [[7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721], [8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721]], b: [[8.3194, 8.3194, 23.3614], [4.5024, 10.8698, 23.3614], [4.7402, 11.4439, 23.3614], [8.7588, 8.7588, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [0, 11.0323, 25.721], [0, 11.6921, 25.721], [4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721]], b: [[4.5024, 10.8698, 23.3614], [0, 11.7654, 23.3614], [0, 12.3868, 23.3614], [4.7402, 11.4439, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0, 11.0323, 25.721], [-4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [-4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721], [0, 11.6921, 25.721]], b: [[0, 11.7654, 23.3614], [-4.5024, 10.8698, 23.3614], [-4.7402, 11.4439, 23.3614], [0, 12.3868, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [-7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [-8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721], [-4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721]], b: [[-4.5024, 10.8698, 23.3614], [-8.3194, 8.3194, 23.3614], [-8.7588, 8.7588, 23.3614], [-4.7402, 11.4439, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [-10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [-10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721], [-8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721]], b: [[-8.3194, 8.3194, 23.3614], [-10.8698, 4.5024, 23.3614], [-11.4439, 4.7402, 23.3614], [-8.7588, 8.7588, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [-11.0323, 0, 25.721], [-11.6921, 0, 25.721], [-10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721]], b: [[-10.8698, 4.5024, 23.3614], [-11.7654, 0, 23.3614], [-12.3868, 0, 23.3614], [-11.4439, 4.7402, 23.3614]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[9.6883, 0, 28.0807], [8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807], [10.4323, 0, 28.0807]], b: [[11.0323, 0, 25.721], [10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721], [11.6921, 0, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807], [9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807]], b: [[10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721], [10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807], [7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807]], b: [[7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721], [8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [0, 9.6883, 28.0807], [0, 10.4323, 28.0807], [3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807]], b: [[4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [0, 11.0323, 25.721], [0, 11.6921, 25.721], [4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0, 9.6883, 28.0807], [-3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [-3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807], [0, 10.4323, 28.0807]], b: [[0, 11.0323, 25.721], [-4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [-4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721], [0, 11.6921, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [-6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [-7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807], [-3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807]], b: [[-4.2219, 10.1925, 25.721], [-7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [-8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721], [-4.4744, 10.8021, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [-8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [-9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807], [-7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807]], b: [[-7.801, 7.801, 25.721], [-10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [-10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721], [-8.2676, 8.2676, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [-9.6883, 0, 28.0807], [-10.4323, 0, 28.0807], [-9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807]], b: [[-10.1925, 4.2219, 25.721], [-11.0323, 0, 25.721], [-11.6921, 0, 25.721], [-10.8021, 4.4744, 25.721]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[7.4081, 0, 30.4403], [6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403], [8.3551, 0, 30.4403]], b: [[9.6883, 0, 28.0807], [8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807], [10.4323, 0, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403], [7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403]], b: [[8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807], [9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403], [5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403]], b: [[6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807], [7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [0, 7.4081, 30.4403], [0, 8.3551, 30.4403], [3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403]], b: [[3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [0, 9.6883, 28.0807], [0, 10.4323, 28.0807], [3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0, 7.4081, 30.4403], [-2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [-3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403], [0, 8.3551, 30.4403]], b: [[0, 9.6883, 28.0807], [-3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [-3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807], [0, 10.4323, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [-5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [-5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403], [-3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403]], b: [[-3.7076, 8.9509, 28.0807], [-6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [-7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807], [-3.9923, 9.6382, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [-6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [-7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403], [-5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403]], b: [[-6.8507, 6.8507, 28.0807], [-8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [-9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807], [-7.3767, 7.3767, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [-7.4081, 0, 30.4403], [-8.3551, 0, 30.4403], [-7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403]], b: [[-8.9509, 3.7076, 28.0807], [-9.6883, 0, 28.0807], [-10.4323, 0, 28.0807], [-9.6382, 3.9923, 28.0807]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[2.1817, 0, 32.8], [2.0157, 0.8349, 32.8], [4.0911, 1.6946, 32.8], [4.4281, 0, 32.8]], b: [[7.4081, 0, 30.4403], [6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403], [8.3551, 0, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[2.0157, 0.8349, 32.8], [1.5427, 1.5427, 32.8], [3.1312, 3.1312, 32.8], [4.0911, 1.6946, 32.8]], b: [[6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403], [7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[1.5427, 1.5427, 32.8], [0.8349, 2.0157, 32.8], [1.6946, 4.0911, 32.8], [3.1312, 3.1312, 32.8]], b: [[5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403], [5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0.8349, 2.0157, 32.8], [0, 2.1817, 32.8], [0, 4.4281, 32.8], [1.6946, 4.0911, 32.8]], b: [[2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [0, 7.4081, 30.4403], [0, 8.3551, 30.4403], [3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0, 2.1817, 32.8], [-0.8349, 2.0157, 32.8], [-1.6946, 4.0911, 32.8], [0, 4.4281, 32.8]], b: [[0, 7.4081, 30.4403], [-2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [-3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403], [0, 8.3551, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-0.8349, 2.0157, 32.8], [-1.5427, 1.5427, 32.8], [-3.1312, 3.1312, 32.8], [-1.6946, 4.0911, 32.8]], b: [[-2.835, 6.8442, 30.4403], [-5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [-5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403], [-3.1973, 7.7191, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-1.5427, 1.5427, 32.8], [-2.0157, 0.8349, 32.8], [-4.0911, 1.6946, 32.8], [-3.1312, 3.1312, 32.8]], b: [[-5.2383, 5.2383, 30.4403], [-6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [-7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403], [-5.9079, 5.9079, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-2.0157, 0.8349, 32.8], [-2.1817, 0, 32.8], [-4.4281, 0, 32.8], [-4.0911, 1.6946, 32.8]], b: [[-6.8442, 2.835, 30.4403], [-7.4081, 0, 30.4403], [-8.3551, 0, 30.4403], [-7.7191, 3.1973, 30.4403]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-0.7, 0, 40], [-0.6062, 0.35, 40], [-0.9093, 0.525, 40], [-1.05, 0, 40]], b: [[-0.7, 0, 12], [-0.6062, 0.35, 12], [-0.9093, 0.525, 12], [-1.05, 0, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-0.6062, 0.35, 40], [-0.35, 0.6062, 40], [-0.525, 0.9093, 40], [-0.9093, 0.525, 40]], b: [[-0.6062, 0.35, 12], [-0.35, 0.6062, 12], [-0.525, 0.9093, 12], [-0.9093, 0.525, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-0.35, 0.6062, 40], [-0, 0.7, 40], [-0, 1.05, 40], [-0.525, 0.9093, 40]], b: [[-0.35, 0.6062, 12], [-0, 0.7, 12], [-0, 1.05, 12], [-0.525, 0.9093, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-0, 0.7, 40], [0.35, 0.6062, 40], [0.525, 0.9093, 40], [-0, 1.05, 40]], b: [[-0, 0.7, 12], [0.35, 0.6062, 12], [0.525, 0.9093, 12], [-0, 1.05, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0.35, 0.6062, 40], [0.6062, 0.35, 40], [0.9093, 0.525, 40], [0.525, 0.9093, 40]], b: [[0.35, 0.6062, 12], [0.6062, 0.35, 12], [0.9093, 0.525, 12], [0.525, 0.9093, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[0.6062, 0.35, 40], [0.7, 0, 40], [1.05, 0, 40], [0.9093, 0.525, 40]], b: [[0.6062, 0.35, 12], [0.7, 0, 12], [1.05, 0, 12], [0.9093, 0.525, 12]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-37, 0, -9], [31, 0, -9], [31, 11, -9], [-37, 11, -9]], b: [[-37, 0, -10], [31, 0, -10], [31, 11, -10], [-37, 11, -10]], collide: 0, color: "#9c9282"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-37, 10, 6], [31, 10, 6], [31, 11, 6], [-37, 11, 6]], b: [[-37, 10, -9], [31, 10, -9], [31, 11, -9], [-37, 11, -9]], collide: 0}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[-37, 0, 6], [-36, 0, 6], [-36, 10, 6], [-37, 10, 6]], b: [[-37, 0, -9], [-36, 0, -9], [-36, 10, -9], [-37, 10, -9]], collide: 0, color: "#9c9282"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[30, 0, 2], [31, 0, 2], [31, 10, 2], [30, 10, 2]], b: [[30, 0, -9], [31, 0, -9], [31, 10, -9], [30, 10, -9]], collide: 0, color: "#9c9282"}
      - {kind: loft, a: [[30, 0, -3], [46, 0, -3], [46, 11, -3], [30, 11, -3]], b: [[30, 0, -4], [46, 0, -4], [46, 11, -4], [30, 11, -4]], collide: 0, color: "#9c9282"}
joints:
  - {id: j_wv, type: slide, body: wvalve, axis: [0, 0, 1], range: [0, 3.5], damping: 0.5}   # 0: down, open; 3.5: up on its seat, shut
  - {id: j_dv, type: slide, body: dvalve, axis: [0, 0, 1], range: [0, 0.4], damping: 0.02}   # 0: on its seat, shut
vessels:
  substeps: 8
  nodes:
    - {id: pour, kind: source, head: 30}   # the water poured in (the input), its head over the cistern's inlet
    - {id: head, kind: tank, area: 240, z: 34, level: 10, max: 14,
       draw: {section: [[-38, 34], [-22, 34], [-22, 50], [-38, 50]], y: [0, 7.5]}}
    - {id: box, kind: chamber, fixed: -6, sections: [[-6, 108]], volume: 864, water: 864, K: 2e+07,
       draw: {sections: [[[-4, -6], [14, -6], [14, 2], [-4, 2]]], y: [0, 3]}}   # the valve box, full of water
    - {id: basin, kind: tank, area: 1320, z: -9, level: 8, max: 11,
       draw: {section: [[-36, -9], [30, -9], [30, 6], [-36, 6]], y: [3.7, 10]}}   # behind the ram, spilling over its end
    - {id: globe, kind: chamber, fixed: 2, sections: [[-99.0, 8.0425], [9.0, 104.4894], [12.0, 274.1354], [15.0, 387.2327], [18.0, 450.85], [24.0, 387.2327], [27.0, 274.1354], [30.0, 104.4894]], volume: 7356.54, water: 1966.64, p: 6500, K: 2e+07,
       draw: {sections: [[[-1.6, 2], [1.6, 2], [1.6, 9.5], [-1.6, 9.5]], [[0.0, 9.0], [5.207, 10.188], [9.382, 13.518], [11.699, 18.33], [11.699, 23.67], [9.382, 28.482], [5.207, 31.812], [0.0, 33.0], [-5.207, 31.812], [-9.382, 28.482], [-11.699, 23.67], [-11.699, 18.33], [-9.382, 13.518], [-5.207, 10.188]]], y: [0, 8.4]}}   # the air vessel: water under air
    - {id: air, kind: source, p: 0}
  links:
    - {id: feed, from: pour, to: head, area: 4, cd: 0.62, z: 60, check: true,
       draw: {from: [-50, 1.5, 56.4], to: [-37, 1.5, 54.4], width: 2.4, flow: 0.6, fall: {dir: [1, 0, -0.6], floor: 34}}}   # poured from the spout
    - {id: drive, from: head, to: box, area: 4.5239, cd: 0.9, z: 34, zTo: -2.8, length: 62.8,
       draw: {from: [-30, 0.6, 34], via: [[-30, 0.6, -2.8]], to: [-4, 0.6, -2.8], width: 2.4, flow: 1.0}}   # the drive pipe: its water's way is a state
    - {id: waste, from: box, to: basin, area: 8.0425, cd: 0.62, z: 2, zTo: 2, open: {joint: j_wv, q: [2.7, 3.5], frac: [1, 0]},
       draw: {from: [9.5, 1.2, 2], to: [12, 1.2, 3.5], width: 2.0, flow: 1.0}}   # out past the waste valve into the basin
    - {id: tail, from: basin, to: air, area: 3.5, cd: 0.62, z: -9, zTo: -9,
       draw: {from: [29, 0.6, -7.5], to: [38, 0.6, -7.5], width: 1.6, flow: 0.4, fall: {dir: [1, 0, -0.4], floor: -15}}}   # the tail race: the spent water away under the basin's end
    - {id: deliver, from: box, to: globe, area: 8.0425, cd: 0.62, z: 2, zTo: 2.5, check: true, open: {joint: j_dv, q: [0, 0.15], frac: [0, 1]}}
    - {id: jet, from: globe, to: air, area: 0.5, cd: 0.9, z: 12, zTo: 40, check: true, length: 28,
       draw: {from: [0, 0.3, 12], to: [0, 0.3, 40], width: 1.4, flow: 0.05, fall: {dir: [0.12, 0, 1], floor: 33}}}   # up the jet pipe and out of its mouth
  pistons:
    - {node: box, joint: j_wv, area: 8.0425, sign: 1, z: -1.7}   # the box's water pushes the waste disc up, shut
    - {node: basin, joint: j_wv, area: 8.0425, sign: -1, z: 2}   # the basin's down on it
    - {node: box, joint: j_dv, area: 8.0425, sign: 1, z: 2}   # the box's lifts the delivery valve
    - {node: globe, joint: j_dv, area: 8.0425, sign: -1, z: 2.5}   # the globe's holds it down
driver: {joint: j_wv, kind: torque, torque: 0, max_torque: 0.001}   # no hand: the poured water is the only input
checks:
  - {type: amplitude, joint: j_wv, min: 0.00875, max: 0.02345, sustain: 0.7, settle_s: 3.0, window_s: 10}
  - {type: amplitude, joint: j_dv, min: 0.0002, max: 0.003, sustain: 0.5, settle_s: 3.0, window_s: 10}
  - {type: penetration, max: 0.003}
camera: {target: [-6, 0, 9], position: [-6, -320, 19], fov: 28}
display:
  output: j_wv
  labels: {j_wv: "Waste valve (right)", j_dv: "Delivery valve (left)"}